Yintoni Ecimayo:
Ukucima, okukwabizwa ngokuba yiHardening kukufudumeza nokupholisa intsimbi ngesantya esingaphezulu kangangokuba kukho ukwanda okukhulu kobunzima, nokuba kumphezulu okanye kuyo yonke indawo. Kwimeko yokuqina kwe-vacuum, le nkqubo yenziwa kwii-vacuum shower apho amaqondo obushushu afikelela kwi-1,300°C anokufikelelwa khona. Iindlela zokucima ziya kwahluka ngokubhekiselele kwizinto ezicociweyo kodwa ukucima igesi kusetyenziswa i-nitrogen yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo.
Kwiimeko ezininzi ukuqina kwenzeka kunye nokuphinda kufudunyezwe, ukufudumala. Ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, ukuqina kuphucula ubulukhuni kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka okanye kulawula umlinganiselo wobulukhuni kunye nobulukhuni.
Yintoni ebangela ukurhawuzelelwa:
Ukufudumala yinkqubo yokunyanga ubushushu esetyenziswa kwiintsimbi ezifana nentsimbi okanye ii-alloys ezisekelwe kwisinyithi ukuze kufunyanwe ukuqina okukhulu ngokunciphisa ubulukhuni, obuhlala buhamba nokwanda kokuguquguquka. Ukufudumala kudla ngokwenziwa emva kwenkqubo yokuqina ngokufudumeza isinyithi kubushushu obungaphantsi kwenqanaba elibalulekileyo ixesha elithile, emva koko siyivumele ukuba iphole. Intsimbi engafudunyezwanga inzima kakhulu kodwa idla ngokuba buthathaka kakhulu kwiindlela ezininzi zokusebenza. Intsimbi yekhabhoni kunye neentsimbi zezixhobo zokusebenza ezibandayo zihlala zifudunyezwa kubushushu obuphantsi, ngelixa intsimbi yesantya esiphezulu kunye neentsimbi zezixhobo zokusebenza ezishushu zifudunyezwa kubushushu obuphezulu.
Yintoni i-Annealing:
Ukufakwa kwi-vacuum
Unyango lobushushu oluxutyiweyo yinkqubo apho iindawo zifudunyezwa khona zize zipholiswe kancinci ukuze kufunyanwe isakhiwo esithambileyo senxalenye kunye nokuphucula isakhiwo sezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kumanyathelo okwakha alandelayo.
Xa kutsalwa phantsi kwe-vacuum, ezi zibonelelo zilandelayo zibonelelwa xa kuthelekiswa nokunyanga phantsi kwe-atmosphere:
Ukuphepha i-intergranular oxidation (IGO) kunye ne-surface oxidation ukuphepha iindawo ezisuswe kwi-carburised metallic, iindawo ezingenanto zicoca iindawo emva konyango lobushushu, akukho mfuneko yokuhlanjwa kweendawo.
Iinkqubo ezidumileyo zokufunxa amanzi zezi:
Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwenziwa kumaqondo obushushu amalunga nama-650°C ngenjongo yokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwezixhobo. Olu xinzelelo lushiyekileyo lubangelwa ngamanyathelo enkqubo yangaphambili afana nokusebenza kwe-casting kunye ne-green machining.
Uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lunokubangela ukugqwetheka okungafunekiyo ngexesha lenkqubo yonyango lobushushu, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinodonga oluncinci. Ke ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba kususwe olu xinzelelo ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe unyango lobushushu "lokwenyani" ngonyango lokunciphisa uxinzelelo.
Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe i-recrystallization annealing kuyafuneka emva kwemisebenzi yokwenza ubushushu ukuze kubuyiselwe isakhiwo sokuqala.
Yintoni Isisombululo kunye nokwaluphala
Ukwaluphala yinkqubo esetyenziselwa ukwandisa amandla ngokuvelisa iiprecipitates zezinto ezidibanisayo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sesinyithi. Unyango lwesisombululo kukufudumeza i-alloy ukuya kubushushu obufanelekileyo, ukuyigcina kuloo bushushu ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukubangela ukuba enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezinto ezidibanisayo zingene kwisisombululo esiqinileyo zize ziphole ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukuba zibambe ezi zinto kwisisombululo. Unyango lobushushu bemvula olulandelayo luvumela ukukhululwa okulawulwayo kwezi zinto nokuba ngokwemvelo (kubushushu begumbi) okanye ngokwenziwa (kubushushu obuphezulu).
Izitofu ezicetyiswayo zonyango lobushushu
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-01-2022