Ukucima, okukwabizwa ngokuba lukhuni yinkqubo yokufudumeza kwaye emva koko ukupholisa kwentsimbi (okanye enye i-alloy) ngesantya esiphezulu ukuba kukho ukwanda okukhulu kobunzima, nokuba kuphezu okanye kuyo yonke indawo. Kwimeko yokucima i-vacuum, le nkqubo yenziwa kwiziko lokufunxa apho amaqondo obushushu afikelela kwi-1,300 ° C anofikelelwa. Iindlela zokucima ziya kwahluka ngokubhekiselele kwizinto eziphathwayo kodwa ukucinywa kwegesi kusetyenziswa initrogen yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo.
Ukucima irhasi yevacuum:
Ngexesha le-vacuum gas Ukucima, izinto zifudunyezwa ngokungabikho kwe-oksijini ngokuhambisa phakathi kwegesi ye-inert (N₂) kunye / okanye i-radiation yokushisa kwi-underpressure. Intsimbi iqiniswa ngomjelo wenitrogen, apho izinga lokupholisa linokumiselwa ngokukhetha uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimilo ye-workpiece kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukukhetha indlela kunye nexesha lokuvuthela i-nitrogen. Ukulungiswa kwexesha kunye nokulawulwa kweqondo lokushisa kwentsimbi kuqhutyelwa ngexesha lenkqubo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-thermocouples yomqhubi onokufakwa kwi-workpiece kwigumbi lokufudumala. Intsimbi ephathwa ngobushushu kwi-vacuum furnace ifumana iimpawu ezichaziweyo zamandla kunye nokuqina kulo lonke icandelo elinqamlezayo, ngaphandle kwe-decarburization yomhlaba. I-Austenitic grain ilungile kwaye ihambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ngokuqhelekileyo zonke ii-alloys zetsimbi ezinomdla zobugcisa, ezifana ne-spring steels, iintsimbi ezibandayo, ezicinyiweyo kunye ne- tempered steels, i-anti-friction bearing steels, iintsimbi ezitshisayo kunye nezixhobo zensimbi, kunye nenani elikhulu le-alloy stainless stainless kunye ne-cast-iron alloys, inokuqiniswa ngolu hlobo.
Ukucinywa kweOyile yeVacuum
Vacuum Oil quenching ukupholisa izinto ezishushu yi Vacuum oil.Njengoko ukudluliselwa kwentlawulo kwenzeka phantsi kwe-vacuum okanye ukhuseleko lwe-inert-gas emva kokuba sicoce ukucoca isithando somlilo, inxalenye yomhlaba isoloko ikhuselwe de ifakwe ngokupheleleyo kwioli. Ukukhuselwa komphezulu kufana kakhulu nokuba kucinywa kwi-oyile okanye kwigesi.
Inzuzo enkulu xa kuthelekiswa nezisombululo eziqhelekileyo zokucima i-oyile ye-atmospheric lulawulo oluchanekileyo lweeparamitha zokupholisa. Ngesithando somlilo, kunokwenzeka ukuguqula imilinganiselo yokucima imilinganiselo - ubushushu kunye nokuphazamiseka - kunye nokuguqula uxinzelelo ngaphezu kwetanki yokucima.
Ukutshintsha uxinzelelo olungaphezulu kwetanki kuya kubangela umahluko kuxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwibhafu yeoli, etshintsha ijika lokupholisa ioyile elichazwe kuxinzelelo lomoya. Ngokwenene, indawo yokubilisa sisigaba apho isantya sokupholisa siphezulu. Utshintsho kuxinzelelo lweoyile luya kuguqula i-vaporization yayo ngenxa yobushushu bomthwalo.
Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kuya kusebenzisa i-vaporization phenomena, eqalisa isigaba sokubilisa. Oku kuya kwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokupholisa kolwelo lokucima kunye nokuphucula amandla okuqina ngokuchasene nemeko yomoya. Nangona kunjalo, isizukulwana esikhulu somphunga sinokubangela i-sheath phenomenon kwaye sibangele ukuguquka okunokwenzeka.
Ukunyuka koxinzelelo kwioyile kuthintela ukubunjwa komphunga kwaye kubambezele ukuvela komphunga. I-sheath inamathela kwindawo kwaye iphole ngokufanayo kodwa incinci kakhulu. Ukucinywa kwe-oyile kwi-vacuum ngoko kufana ngakumbi kwaye kubangela ukuphazamiseka okuncinci.
Ukucima ukucima amanzi
Inkqubo efana nokucinywa kweoyile yokucoca,Sisisombululo esifanelekileyo sokuqina kobushushu bonyango lwe-aluminiyam, i-titanium okanye ezinye izinto ezifuna ukupholiswa ngesantya esikhawulezayo ngokwaneleyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-07-2022