1. Izinto zokubrasha
(1) Iintsimbi zesixhobo sokutshisa intsimbi kunye neekhabhidi ezinesamente zihlala zisebenzisa ubhedu olusulungekileyo, i-zinc yobhedu kunye nesilivere yobhedu yokuzalisa isinyithi.Ubhedu olusulungekileyo lunokumanzisa okuhle kuzo zonke iintlobo ze-carbides ene-cemented, kodwa isiphumo esihle sinokufumaneka ngokubhengeza kwi-atmosphere yokunciphisa i-hydrogen.Ngexesha elifanayo, ngenxa yeqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, uxinzelelo kwi-joint likhulu, olukhokelela ekwandiseni ukuthambekela kokuqhekeka.Amandla e-shear ye-joint brazed nge-copper ecocekileyo malunga ne-150MPa, kwaye iplastiki edibeneyo iphezulu, kodwa ayifanelekanga kumsebenzi ophezulu wokushisa.
Intsimbi yokuzalisa i-zinc ye-Copper yeyona isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo isinyithi sokuzalisa izixhobo zokubethelela izixhobo kunye ne-carbides enesamente.Ukuze kuphuculwe ukumanzi kwe-solder kunye namandla okudibanisa, i-Mn, i-Ni, i-Fe kunye nezinye izinto ze-alloy zihlala zongezwa kwi-solder.Umzekelo, i-w (MN) i-4% yongezwa kwi-b-cu58znmn ukwenza amandla okucheba amakhonkco e-carbide brazed afikelele kwi-300 ~ 320MPa kwiqondo lokushisa;Isenako ukugcina i-220 ~ 240mpa ku-320 ℃.Ukongeza inani elincinci le-CO ngesiseko se-b-cu58znmn kunokwenza amandla e-shear ye-brazed joint afikelele kwi-350Mpa, kwaye inempembelelo ephezulu yokuqina kunye namandla okukhathala, ukuphucula kakhulu ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo zokusika kunye nezixhobo zokugaya ilitye.
Indawo esezantsi yokunyibilika yesilivere yobhedu yokuqhafaza isinyithi kunye noxinzelelo oluncinci lwe-thermal yejoyinti edibeneyo iluncedo ekunciphiseni ukutyekela kokuqhekeka kwe-carbide enesamente ngexesha lokugqabhuka.Ukuze kuphuculwe ukumanzi kwe-solder kunye nokuphucula amandla kunye nobushushu bokusebenza bokudibanisa, i-Mn, i-Ni kunye nezinye izinto ze-alloy zihlala zongezwa kwi-solder.Umzekelo, i-b-ag50cuzncdni solder inobumanzi obugqwesileyo kwi-carbide enesamente, kwaye i-joint edibeneyo ineempawu ezilungileyo ezibanzi.
Ukongeza kwezi ntlobo zintathu zingentla zentsimbi yokuzalisa i-brazing, i-Mn based and Ni based brazing filler metals, njenge-b-mn50nicucrco kunye ne-b-ni75crsib, inokukhethwa kwi-carbide enesamente esebenza ngaphezu kwe-500 ℃ kwaye ifuna amandla aphezulu adibeneyo.Ukubethelwa kwesinyithi esinesantya esiphezulu, isinyithi esikhethekileyo sokuqhafaza kunye neqondo lokushisa elihambelana nobushushu bokucima kufuneka kukhethwe.Le ntsimbi yokuzalisa ihlulwe ibe ziindidi ezimbini: enye yintsimbi yokuzalisa yodidi lwe-ferromanganese, equlunqwe ikakhulu yi-ferromanganese kunye ne-borax.Amandla okucheba okudityanisiweyo okudityanisiweyo ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-100MPa, kodwa i-joint ithanda ukuqhekeka;Olunye uhlobo lwe-alloy yobhedu ekhethekileyo equkethe i-Ni, Fe, Mn kunye ne-Si ayilula ukuvelisa iintanda kwiindawo ezidibeneyo, kwaye amandla ayo okucheba anokunyuswa ukuya kwi-300mpa.
(2) Ukukhethwa kwe-brazing flux kunye nokukhusela i-gas brazing flux kuya kuhambelana nesiseko sesinyithi kunye nentsimbi yokuzalisa ukuba idityaniswe.Xa insimbi yensimbi yensimbi kunye ne-cemented carbide, i-brazing flux esetyenzisiweyo ikakhulu i-borax kunye ne-boric acid, kunye nezinye i-fluorides (KF, NaF, CaF2, njl.) zongezwa.I-Fb301, fb302 kunye ne-fb105 fluxes isetyenziselwa i-solder ye-zinc yobhedu, kunye ne-fb101 ~ fb104 fluxes isetyenziselwa i-solder yobhedu yesilivere.I-Borax flux isetyenziswa ikakhulu xa isinyithi esikhethekileyo sokuqhafaza sisetyenziselwa ukuqinisa intsimbi enesantya esiphezulu.
Ukuze kuthintelwe i-oxidation yesixhobo sensimbi ngexesha lokufudumala kwe-brazing kunye nokuphepha ukucocwa emva kokuqhaqha, i-gas shielded brazing ingasetyenziswa.Irhasi ekhuselayo inokuba yigesi engasebenziyo okanye irhasi yokunciphisa, kwaye indawo yombethe yerhasi iya kuba ngaphantsi kwe-40 ℃ i-carbide enesamente inokuqatywa phantsi kokhuseleko lwe-hydrogen, kwaye indawo yombethe ye-hydrogen efunekayo iya kuba ngaphantsi kwe-59. ℃.
2. Iteknoloji yokubrawuza
Isixhobo sensimbi kufuneka sihlanjululwe phambi kokugcoba, kwaye umgangatho owenziwe ngomatshini awufuni ukuba ulungelelanise ukumanzisa kunye nokusabalalisa izinto kunye ne-brazing flux.Umphezulu we-carbide enesamente uya kuqhunyiswa yisanti ngaphambi kokugqatswa, okanye upolishwe ngesilicon carbide okanye ivili lokusila idayimane ukususa ikhabhoni egqithisileyo phezu komphezulu, ukuze imanziswe yintsimbi yokufaka ibrashi ngexesha lokubrawuza.I-carbide enesamente ene-titanium carbide kunzima ukuyimanzisa.I-copper oxide okanye i-nickel oxide paste isetyenziswe kumphezulu wayo ngendlela entsha kwaye ibhaka kwi-atmospheric yokunciphisa ukwenza i-copper okanye i-nickel inguqu kumphezulu, ukwenzela ukwandisa ukumanzi kwe-solder enamandla.
Ukugqithwa kwensimbi yensimbi ye-carbon kufuneka ngokukhethekileyo kuqhutywe ngaphambi okanye ngexesha elifanayo njengenkqubo yokucima.Ukuba i-brazing iqhutywe phambi kwenkqubo yokucima, ubushushu be-solidus yentsimbi yokuzalisa esetyenzisiweyo iya kuba phezulu kunoluhlu lweqondo lokushisa lokucima, ukwenzela ukuba i-weldment isenamandla aneleyo xa iphinda ifudunyezwa kwiqondo lokushisa ngaphandle kokusilela.Xa ukucima kunye nokucima kudibaniswa, isinyithi sokuzalisa kunye nobushushu be-solidus kufuphi nobushushu bokucima kuya kukhethwa.
Isixhobo sensimbi ye-alloy sinoluhlu olubanzi lwamacandelo.Isinyithi esifanelekileyo sokufakela i-brazing, inkqubo yonyango lokushisa kunye neteknoloji yokudibanisa i-brazing kunye nenkqubo yokunyanga ukushisa kufuneka inqunywe ngokohlobo oluthile lwensimbi, ukuze ufumane ukusebenza kakuhle ngokubambisana.
Ukushisa okucimayo kwensimbi enesantya esiphezulu ngokuqhelekileyo kuphezulu kunokushisa okunyibilikayo kwesilivere yethusi kunye ne-solder ye-zinc yobhedu, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukucima ngaphambi kokuqhaqha kunye nokuqhaqhazela ngexesha okanye emva kokufudumala kwesibini.Ukuba ukucinywa kuyadingeka emva kokugqabhuka, kuphela isinyithi esikhethekileyo esikhankanywe apha ngasentla singasetyenziselwa ukubethelwa.Xa ubhobhoza izixhobo zokusika isinyithi esinesantya esiphezulu, kuyafaneleka ukusebenzisa i-coke furnace.Xa isinyithi sokuzalisa isinyithi sinyibilika, khupha isixhobo sokusika kwaye usicinezele ngokukhawuleza, ukhuphe isinyithi esingaphezulu sokuqhafaza, emva koko uphumeze ukucima i-oyile, kwaye emva koko uyicaphukise kwi-550 ~ 570 ℃.
Xa ubhobhoza i-carbide blade nge-bar yesixhobo sensimbi, indlela yokwandisa i-gap yokuqhawula kunye nokusebenzisa i-gasket yembuyekezo yeplastiki kwisithuba sokuqhafaza kufuneka yamkelwe, kwaye ukupholisa okucothayo kufuneka kuqhutywe emva kwe-welding ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lokuqhaqha, ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kunye ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yendibano yesixhobo se-carbide enesamente.
Emva kwe-fiber welding, intsalela ye-flux kwi-weldment iya kuhlanjwa ngamanzi ashushu okanye umxube wokususwa kwe-slag ngokubanzi, kwaye emva koko ifakwe kwisisombululo esifanelekileyo sokukhupha ifilimu ye-oxide kwisixhobo sesiseko.Nangona kunjalo, qaphela ukuba ungasebenzisi isisombululo se-nitric acid ukuthintela ukubola kwesinyithi esidibeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-13-2022