Yintoni ukucima:
Ukucima, okukwabizwa ngokuba yi-Hardening kukufudumeza kunye nokupholisa okulandelayo kwentsimbi ngesantya esinjalo ukuba kukho ukwanda okukhulu kobulukhuni, nokuba kumphezulu okanye kuyo yonke indawo.Kwimeko yokuqina kwe-vacuum, le nkqubo yenziwa kwi-vacuum furnaces apho amaqondo okushisa afikelela kwi-1,300 ° C angafikelelwa.Iindlela zokucima ziya kwahluka ngokubhekiselele kwizinto eziphathwayo kodwa ukucinywa kwegesi kusetyenziswa initrogen yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo.
Kwiimeko ezininzi ukuqina kwenzeka ngokuhambelana nokufudumeza okulandelayo, ukuvutha.Ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto eziphathekayo, ukuqina kuphucula ukuqina kunye nokuxhatshazwa kokugqoka okanye kulawula umlinganiselo wobunzima kubunzima.
Yintoni ukufudumala:
I-Tempering yinkqubo yokunyanga ubushushu esetyenziswa kwiintsimbi ezifana nentsimbi okanye i-alloys esekwe kwintsimbi ukufezekisa ukuqina okukhulu ngokunciphisa ubulukhuni, obuhlala buhamba kunye nokunyuka kwe-ductility.Ukufudumala ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa emva kwenkqubo yokuqina ngokufudumeza isinyithi kwiqondo lokushisa elingaphantsi kwendawo ebalulekileyo kwixesha elithile, emva koko livumele ukuba lipholile.Intsimbi enganyangekiyo inzima kakhulu kodwa idla ngokuba brittle kakhulu kwizicelo ezininzi.Iintsimbi zekhabhoni kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza ezibandayo zihlala zifudumala kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, ngelixa intsimbi enesantya esiphezulu kunye nentsimbi yokusebenza eshushu ishushu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
Yintoni i-Anealing:
Ukucoca kwi-vacuum
Unyango lobushushu obunealing yinkqubo apho amalungu afudunyezwa phezulu aze apholiswe ngokucothayo ezantsi ukufumana ulwakhiwo oluthambileyo lwenxalenye kunye nokwandisa ubume bemathiriyeli kumanyathelo okubumba alandelayo.
Xa i-annealing under vacuum ezi zibonelelo zilandelayo zibonelelwa xa kuthelekiswa nonyango oluphantsi kweatmosfera:
Ukunqanda i-intergranular oxidation (IGO) kunye ne-oxidation yomphezulu ukuphepha iindawo ze-de-carburized metallic, imiphezulu engenanto icocekile imiphezulu yamalungu emva konyango lobushushu, akukho mfuneko yokuhlanjwa kweendawo.
Ezona nkqubo zidumileyo zokufunxa zezi:
I-annealing yokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwenziwa kumaqondo obushushu malunga ne-650 ° C ejolise ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwamalungu.Olu xinzelelo luyintsalela lubangelwa ngamanyathelo enkqubo yangaphambili efana nokuphosa kunye nokusebenza komatshini oluhlaza.
Uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lunokukhokelela ekugqwethekeni okungafunekiyo ngexesha lenkqubo yonyango lobushushu ngokukodwa kumacandelo anodonga oluncinci.Ke ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba uphelise olu xinzelelo phambi konyango "lokwenyani" lonyango lobushushu ngonyango lokuphelisa uxinzelelo.
Ukufakwa kwakhona kwekristali kuyafuneka emva kokwenziwa kwemisebenzi ebandayo ukubuyisela ubume be-microstructure yokuqala.
Yintoni Isisombululo kunye nokuguga
Ukuguga yinkqubo esetyenziselwa ukunyusa amandla ngokuvelisa i-precipitates ye-alloying material ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sesinyithi.Unyango lwesisombululo kukufudumeza kwe-alloyi kwiqondo lobushushu elifanelekileyo, liyibambe kwelo qondo lobushushu lide ngokwaneleyo ukuze kubangele ukuba icandelo elinye okanye ngaphezulu lingene kwisisombululo esiluqilima emva koko liphole ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukuze libambe ezi nxalenye kwisisombululo.Unyango olulandelayo lobushushu bemvula luvumela ukukhululwa okulawulwayo kwezi zinto ngokwemvelo (kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi) okanye ngokwenziwa (kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu).
Iifarnaces ezicetyisiweyo zonyango lobushushu
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-01-2022