Ukutshisa kwi-vacuum furnace yindlela entsha yokubrawuza ngaphandle kwe-flux phantsi kweemeko zevacuum. Ngenxa yokuba i-brazing isendaweni ye-vacuum, umphumo onobungozi womoya kwi-workpiece inokupheliswa ngokufanelekileyo, ngoko ukunyanzeliswa kunokwenziwa ngempumelelo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-flux. Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukubrawuza isinyithi kunye neealloyi ekunzima ukuziqhayisa, ezifana ne-aluminium alloy, i-titanium alloy, i-superalloy, i-alloy refractory kunye neekeramics. Umdibaniso oqhambileyo uqaqambile kwaye uxinene, uneempawu ezintle zoomatshini kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Izixhobo zokutshiza i-vacuum azisetyenziswanga ukuwelda inaliti yentsimbi yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi ephantsi.
Izixhobo zokuqhafaza kwi-vacuum furnace ziqulunqwe kakhulu kwi-vacuum brazing furnace kunye ne-vacuum system. Kukho iindidi ezimbini ze-vacuum brazing Furnaces: Indawo yomlilo eshushu kunye neziko elibandayo. Iindidi ezimbini zezithando zinokufudumeza ngegesi yendalo okanye ukufudumeza kombane. Ziyakwazi ukuyilwa kwisithando somlilo esisecaleni, isithando somlilo esisezantsi okanye isithando somlilo esiphezulu (uhlobo lwe-Kang) isakhiwo, kunye nenkqubo yokucoca i-vacuum ingaba yinto yonke.
Inkqubo yokufunxa ikakhulu ibandakanya iyunithi yokufunxa, umbhobho wokufunxa, ivalve yokufunxa, njl. njl Ukusetyenziswa okukodwa kwempompo yomatshini kunokufumana kuphela ngaphantsi kwe-1.35 × idigri yeVacuum yenqanaba le-10-1pa. Ukufumana i-vacuum ephezulu, i-oil diffusion pump kufuneka isetyenziswe ngexesha elifanayo, elinokufikelela kwi-1.35 ngeli xesha × i-Vacuum degree ye-10-4Pa level. Uxinzelelo lwegesi kwinkqubo lulinganiswa nge-vacuum gauge.
I-Brazing in vacuum furnace ivutha kwisithando somlilo okanye igumbi lokutshisa elinomoya okhutshwayo. Ngokukodwa kulungele ukubhobhoza amajoyina amakhulu kunye aqhubekayo. Ikwalungele ukudibanisa ezinye iintsimbi ezikhethekileyo, kuquka i-titanium, i-zirconium, i-niobium, i-molybdenum kunye ne-tantalum. Nangona kunjalo, i-vacuum brazing nayo ineziphene zilandelayo:
① Phantsi kweemeko zokufunxa, isinyithi silula ukuguquguquka, ngoko ke i-vacuum brazing akufanele isetyenziselwe isiseko sesinyithi kunye ne-solder welding izinto eziguquguqukayo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, amanyathelo ahambelanayo enkqubo enzima kufuneka yamkelwe.
② I-vacuum brazing inovakalelo kuburhabaxa bomphezulu, umgangatho wokudityaniswa kunye nokunyamezelana okufanelekileyo kwamalungu ebrazed, kwaye ineemfuno eziphezulu zendawo yokusebenza kunye nenqanaba lethiyori yabaqhubi.
③ Izixhobo zokufunxa zintsonkothile, kunye notyalo-mali olukhulu lwexesha elinye kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokulondolozwa.
Ke, indlela yokuphumeza inkqubo yokuqhafaza kwi-vacuum furnace? Xa ukunyanyiswa kuqhutyelwa kwisithando somlilo, faka i-weldment kunye ne-welding kwiziko (okanye kwisitya sokuqhafaza), vala ucango lwesithando somlilo (okanye uvale isigqubuthelo sesitya sokutshiza), kwaye ucoce ngaphambili ngaphambi kokufudumeza. Qala impompo yoomatshini kuqala, vula ivalve yokuqhuba emva kokuba isidanga sokucoca sifike kwi-1.35pa, vala indlela ethe ngqo phakathi kwempompo yoomatshini kunye nesithando somlilo, yenza umbhobho oqhagamshelwe neziko lokutshisa ngempompo yokusasaza, usebenze ngexesha eliqingqiweyo ngokuthembela kwimpompo yomatshini kunye nempompo yokusasaza, ukumpompa isithando somlilo esivuthayo, ukufudumeza iqondo lobushushu elifunekayo emva koko.
Ngexesha lonke lenkqubo yokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokufudumeza, iyunithi yokucoca iya kusebenza ngokuqhubekayo ukugcina idigri yevacuum esithandweni, isuse ukuvuza komoya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yokucoca kunye nesithando somlilo, ukukhutshwa kwerhasi kunye nomphunga wamanzi odityaniswe ludonga lwesithando somlilo, ukulungiswa kunye ne-weldment, kunye ne-volatilization, kunye nokunciphisa i-oksidi yokwenyani. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zokuvala isitshixo: ivacuum brazing ephezulu kunye nepartial vacuum (vacuum ephakathi) brazing. I-vacuum brazing ephezulu ifaneleke kakhulu ukubethelwa kwesinyithi esisisiseko esine-oxide enzima ukubola (njenge-nickel base superalloy). I-partial vacuum brazing isetyenziselwa iziganeko apho isiseko sesinyithi okanye i-solder siguquguqukayo phantsi kobushushu bokushisa kunye neemeko eziphezulu ze-vacuum.
Xa kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo akhethekileyo okuqinisekisa ukucoceka okuphezulu, indlela yokucoca i-vacuum iya kwamkelwa ngaphambi kokuba i-hydrogen brazing eyomileyo. Ngokufanayo, ukusebenzisa i-hydrogen eyomileyo okanye indlela yokucoca igesi ye-inert ngaphambi kokumpompa i-vacuum kuya kunceda ukufumana iziphumo ezingcono kwi-vacuum brazing ephezulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-07-2022